Denver Real Estate Offers Attractive Options

Denver Real Estate Investment Denver is the capital of Colorado, lying east of the Rocky Mountains Front Range, at an elevation of 5,280 feet. The population was around 598,700 in 2008. The city sprawls in an area of 401.3 square kilometers. Denver was established as a mining town in 1858 when the Pikes Peak Gold Rush created history in western Kansas.

Main Street Automotive Trussville,Al

Main Street Automotive specializes in quality used vehicles and is an Authorized Dealer for Graceland portable buildings® and Graceland Carports, LLC. . Located at 740 US Hwy 11 in Trussville ( Corner of Hwy 11 and Margaret Road), we have just opened for business. Graceland portable buildings are rated as the best portable buildings made. Graceland buildings have the best warranties in the business. All Shingle and metal roof products carry a 25 year Manufacturer's Warranty, All Treated Wood Products carry a lifetime limited warranty and 3 years warranty on Graceland's workmanship. Graceland also offers the best rent-to-own program in the business with low down payment and free delivery and setup within 50 miles.

Red Light Camera Detectors Reviewed

alk about irony: The U.S. government— the world's biggest promoter of red light and speed cameras—has unwittingly become instrumental in helping motorists to avoid these pestilential devices. So the next time you're whining about paying taxes, give thanks that Uncle Sam spent about a jillion of our taxpayer dollars to develop the Global Positioning System (GPS). First used to help guide cruise missiles through Iraqi doorways while also keeping our troops from marching endlessly in circles, GPS technology has become indispensible for directionally-challenged men. Now red light camera detectors also benefit from the orbiting array of GPS satellites. These new detectors come in two flavors: combination radar/laser detectors with integral GPS, and stand-alone models that warn only of red light cameras. Most of the latter are private-label British imports, not a big surprise as England has been awash in cameras for years. Unlike with a combination detector, if you blunder into the microwave beam of a photo radar unit (a mobile speed camera like the Gatso, Multanova and Redflex), one of these red light camera detectors won't make a peep. It actually detects nothing; it merely alerts when it arrives at a set of programmed GPS coordinates. To handle radar, of the photo variety and others, you'll need one of the best radar laser detector models, one with extreme K- and Ka-band sensitivity. (Don't get depressed, but I've found only a handful of radar detectors that can deliver long-range protection against the radar speed van.)

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How to disconnect the car

Different devices to disconnect the battery for a long time and is successfully used by many car owners. Structurally, it is most often just a powerful switch that can withstand the current of hundreds of amperes. It is usually placed near the battery, forcing the owner of the car every time "dive" under the hood. At UAZ such switches are set at the factory, and you can manage them from the cabin. In some designs the circuit is removable "flag" - turns primitive "protivougonki."
Another group of master switch - electromagnetic, which are relays, designed for high current. They can be controlled from the cabin via a button on the instrument panel, which is much more convenient. The total lack of them, the presence of additional contacts for burning or oxidation which inevitably drop at start-up motor.
Do I need to disconnect switch at all? If the owner is not lazy each time to remove battery terminal before you leave home, then, of course, they would be useful. Will at least be no risk of fire at random closure of the wiring in the absence of the owner. Sometimes, the battery is quickly discharged through the circuit is live atignition is off.
For example, there are cases where this occurred through jammed gear motor faroochistitelya or light bulb, "glove", which are always lit as loose-fitting lid, or because of the mass, circular door limit switch, turn on the light in the cabin ...
On the other hand, in recent years the popularity of circuit weight has fallen markedly. This is due to the prevalence of electronic security systems, which can not operate when the power battery, and radio with digital tuning, immediately erased on power. Then the installation will have to pull the battery main switch a separate wire, and its meaning is lost in many settings, "self-discharge" through the radio or alarm is a constant one (albeit a small shock.)

Automotive filters: types and their purpose

Air filters clean the air entering the engine from harmful contaminants, ensuring optimal working conditions and reducing abrasion by friction engine components interacting

In the process, the internal combustion engine (ICE) consume large amounts of air. Established that (on average) for the combustion of 1 liter of fuel required as many as 10 000 cubic decimeters air, which, depending on the climate and season contains various types of pollution, such as dust, pollen, insects, etc. They can cause damage to the engine, thereby significantly reducing its service life. That is why the filters kotoryemogut hold up to 99.9% of impurities in the air and falling into the engine air intake system built into the car.

Air filters consist of a hood, located near the engine, and a replaceable filter tips (cartridge).

By design, the air filters are divided into light, used in passenger cars, pickup trucks and SUVs, and heavy, mounted on trucks. Light filters have a rectangle or circle. Round filters are used in the older cars, and have a relatively small amount of filter material compared to the body. In this sense, the rectangular filter is much better. Therefore, they are used in new models of cars. Another advantage of the panel filters - their ecological value. Most of these filters do not contain metal parts, which facilitates the processing of used filters.


Oil filters effectively remove from the engine or transmission oil harmful pollution resulting from abrasion and degradation of engine oil into each internal combustion engine (ICE), a oil filter. Their function is to prevent the entry of any external contamination in engine lubrication system, and at the same time to remove any contamination that was created during engine operation. The main sources of pollution: particulate matter trapped in the combustion chamber with the air and fuel, wear products moving engine parts, water and carbon residues formed during the combustion process, the results of the collapse of the engine oil.

Modern engine oil filters are different designs. They can be divided into two groups, according to a method of preventing contamination. Barrier filters, which is used as a cleaning layer porous material absorbs pollution when oil flows through it. Energy filter, which is separated from the oil pollution in the vortex field of gravitational and magnetic forces. Engine lubrication system equipped with one or the other type of filters, or both simultaneously. The use of a suitable type of filter in the lubrication system of the car is its type and is determined during the development of the engine.

Placing two filters in the lubrication increases cleaning efficiency and extending the duration of the filters. Fuel filters provide a complete cleaning of the fuel particles of particulate matter, especially dangerous for elements of the fuel system and engine. Fuel supply advanced engine includes many fine elements, whose correct operation is required for the smooth operation of the engine. Fuel pump, carburetor or injectors are very sensitive to any impurities in the fuel. Determined that each liter of fuel may contain up to a milligram of various impurities. Special filters are installed in the fuel system of the vehicle to provide the best operating conditions of the engine, and extend the life of its parts. The purpose of these filters is to remove solid components, water, paraffin embedding of the fuel, and precipitation of organic matter (bacteria in the water that enters the fuel). Real efficiency fuel filter depends on the quality of fuel used, as well as the structural features of the engine. In the carburetor fuel systems of gasoline engines with filters 99% efficiency retain particles up to 8 mm in diameter, and fuel injection systems, filters achieve the same efficiency only with particles of diameter 3.2 mm. Obtaining such a high degree of purification and, at the same time, maintaining a long filter life, made possible by the use of multi-stage purification. All filters used in the fuel systems - flow, and therefore all of the fuel that enters the combustion chamber must pass through them. Moving from the fuel tank to the combustion chamber, the fuel is at least through one filter, but sometimes even three.

Hydraulic filters are adapted to operate in extreme conditions due to high pressure and dynamic changes in oil consumption. During the entire period of operation keep the high efficiency removal of contaminants from the oil.

Hydraulic filters are used in various devices and mechanisms, often working under difficult conditions. The reliability of the hydraulic system depends, in large part, on the properties of oil and reliability of each element (pump, servo, filling, valves, etc.) are subject to high pressure, friction and other mechanical influences. To ensure the best operating conditions of hydraulic special filters to clean the hydraulic oil.

The company is in Russia Dalasi automotive filter "Sakura", "j-Sakura" The products of these brands for a long time on the Russian market and has established itself only in a positive way. ISO 9000 and 9001, the system 100% quality control at the end of the process, a wide range of products, including filters for heavy equipment and hydraulic systems, and low price make them very attractive to the consumer. Filter JSakura / Sakura - are available for each vehicle and prolong the life of your engine.

Starting a cold winter injection engine.

Here's a bit of theory and one of the recommendations on this topic is very important to have a cold start is where the fuel is supplied during this very start. On older, carbureted models with low compression all happened quite simply, the air damper closes, the amount of air at the start to adjust the air valve, and the amount of fuel determined throttle when starting. Fuel from the carburetor at this point enters the inlet tube having a sufficient length. Fuel way as a film on the inner surface of the inlet tube so, too, was quite long and extended in time. Note first that metered amount of fuel in the form of a film on the walls of the intake manifold is much easier than in the vapor phase. The path from the nozzle to the combustion chamber to the engine vpryskovym several tens of times less than the carburettor version. Let me remind you that the injector sprays fuel directly on the plate that opens into the combustion chamber inlet valve. Enormous importance to the fact how much fuel enters the vapor phase at this point. It is completely determined by the volatility of fuel. Conditions for the ignition so strongly may vary due to differences in the fractional part, that are difficult to control and regulation. If the gasoline version is not too much because the fuel will crawl through an inlet pipe for a long time and eventually evaporates all the same, then all options vpryskovym much sadder: for not having had time to evaporate once - still burn can not. Our calibration is already done under the heavier fuel than envisaged European standard. We finishing work conducted on fuel with a vapor pressure of 400 kPa instead of European 800 ... 900 kPa. Their gasoline evaporate twice as good and mostly because of European cars in Europe much easier to start. The main thing - do not fill them in our heavy gasoline. (Which, incidentally, is also often dirty, and water). Now I know why the car is started with the central injection better distributed - it is longer and more in the area of ​​the site from the fuel injector to the cylinder. 2112 engine to run reliably at-30Cto: Motor synthetic oil 0W40 - quite expensive. Batteryat least 65Ach.

Winter fuel or the worst, but with stable parameters to calibrate the engine under it, that is. Candles did not 18DVRM A17 ... and preferably Bosch, Brisk, Champion with appropriate heat rating. From the 3rd paragraph the biggest problems. Gasoline in Russia at any brand. Winter - summer and at the same time do not like anything. The problem is complex and will stand as long as all the components of finishing work, especially gasoline and oil will not be the standard. Now be advised on what they brought. And, perhaps, it is better for the domestic consumer, because the problems start with-10C, and in the same French below +5 C is not seen.

Corrosion control body

Probably, most motorists after purchasing a new or used car in second place after the theft deterrent problem is the question of corrosion body.
For a new car, on the back of which there is no corrosion and factory coating is new and clean, it measures the warning order. But they give the maximum effect.
For used car start from the fact that his body is more or less impressed corrosion and completely get rid of it is impossible. Therefore, in this case, you have the maximum suspend it and protect unaffected areas.

Watch for body, wash, polish it, and it will be protected. Bottom, even the most resistant treated to mechanical impact PVC plastisol, not a long time (2-3 years) to resist the effects of sand, gravel, salt and temperature extremes. Under the influence of these factors factory coating deteriorates.

 The wings are in the same position as the bottom. Moreover, there are wings and pockets where gather and accumulate dirt and moisture. Even the new car is worth before using to remove the wheels and meticulously inspect quality of the application of mastic asphalt on the inner surfaces of the wings, especially in the location of the headlights. And the factory can make mistakes, resulting in a wing becomes "victim" of corrosion.

 No less vulnerable internal cavity thresholds grounds central pillars, side members. They are processed at the plant, but the probability of faults is not excluded. In a particularly difficult position thresholds are, if clogged drainage holes used to drain the water penetrated into the rapids.


 Subjected to additional corrosion protection just bought a car - is simple enough. Only necessary materials and tools for its application. Much more difficult to perform this operation on a car that already operated. Here the lion's share of time and physical effort must be expended to prepare the surface. It makes no sense to delay this dirty, time-consuming and demanding operation for later. Take care of the car handling, pre-prepared for a wire brush, wooden scraper, sandpaper, paintbrush, white spirit, rust converter, rust paste and rags.

 Getting to work, it must be remembered that labor and money will be spent only under conditions of good surface preparation. Must be thoroughly cleaned of dirt, old ruined cover, all kinds of fats. Only to skim the surface clean with a metal grip mastic be reliable. Wash the prepared surface is best poddavleniem powerful jet of water. Getting rid of the dirt, you can see the condition of the old surface. If it started to flake off, a metal brush and scraper will bring the matter to an end. Wire brush - a reliable tool for the removal of loose and the formation of rust. Doing the dirty work, stripped sandpaper surface degreased with white spirit.

  Chemists have invented a very effective structure - rust converter. In a short time, this compound applied to the surface of red rust, a miracle. Attacks become grayish red, and rust is converted to a more stable and not harmful compounds. Processed transducer surface ready for the application of anti-corrosion materials to them. Mastic and paste depending on their viscosity can be applied by brush, trowel or hand in glove. The main condition: there should not be exposed places.

 Most technologically advanced for manual application, bituminous mastics. They are well withstand moisture and salt, but not enough to stand against the sand and gravel, and have a low resistance to frost. At low temperatures, the coating becomes brittle, and only a stone to polish began to crumble. Often, the short-term protection of the bottom and the wings used wax formulations. They have their own advantages and disadvantages. They penetrate well and fill pores, cracks, flanging and pockets, but can not stand the shock. After thinking, inventive motorists to plot the wax formulations over bitumen than provide less brittle at low temperatures.

 As already mentioned, all the details that are box section are especially susceptible to corrosion. This is no accident. In the cavities due to lack of ventilation is always wet. In the gaps between the spot welds can access water and dirt, and given that the corrosion protection composition of these cavities is not always possible, as it should, then it becomes clear why the attack "was chosen" these places.

 Before the 50's almost no cavities processed, saved their only significant thickness of the metal. Developed in Sweden called ML - a method of corrosion control (the first letters of the company name "Motorman Laurin") allowed the "direct" the aging and deterioration of box designs. Naturally, the new method is required related materials that could seal the cavities, as well as uniform thin layer sprinkle them over the surface. This required special equipment. Domestic drug specifically designed for application in the cavities, is Movil. The product is interesting in that it can be applied to surfaces that have been previously coated with a light oil and are affected by corrosion. This is important, as is not always possible to clean the inside of the box-like structures from the old coatings.

 Car owners have to deal with serious problems, especially with the lack of equipment for applying the product. To alleviate some of the problem of those who, having no other option, I decided to self-handle body, we advise to use the experience gained in this area. In principle, the equipment is very simple. It works by spraying under pressure 6.4 kg / cm, which is sufficient to spray drug Movil. Developed and a working body - jet that creates a torch spray. Nozzle with a plastic tube connected to the extension of the elastic gun KRU-1 and inserted through existing or newly drilled holes in the area of ​​a box element.

 If you do not have such a device, offering home-made design of installations and sprayers. It fits all: hand and foot pumps, spray guns, sprayers, sprinklers.
That's one of the simplest designs. You can use the spray nozzle from the usual cologne spray by soldering it to the brass tube and drill nozzle of 1.2 mm at the tip. To the inner wall of the tube to solder the brass tube through which flows a preservative. Pump (it may be more powerful) hose from the tube. To file a preservative to the tube used PVC tubing. Spray this design ensures torch spray drug Movil diameters up to 0.2 m at a constant air supply,

 Places application of anticorrosive material under the hood and in the luggage compartment of the service stations are cleaned with water. At home, where the possibilities are limited to dry, you can thoroughly clean these areas with a damp cloth. The preferred treatment of the body to carry out on the lift.

 The basic amount of processed points located on the bottom.

 To get into the rapids to the spare wheel and the cross bar under the front seats, you need to get a special rubber-cork stoppers. They are two on each side for the front fenders, one piece on each side of the arch in the rear wheel into the center of a spare wheel, one on each side of the cross member under the front seats. You should also clean the drains thresholds.

 Underbody, wheel arches and inaccessible cavities must be thoroughly rinsed with water under pressure, otherwise the work done will be in vain. Use compressed air can dry more quickly washed the bodywork. The wheels do not interfere, they should be removed by setting the vehicle on the stand, and the discs, brake drums, rear axle, drive shaft and transmission need to wrap the paper. It remains open the doors, hood, trunk lid, and begin processing.

 If you look around the bumpers and wheel covers car, which operated more than 4-5 years, you will surely find them corroded. Consequently, chrome - not such a reliable protection. Indeed, the chrome plating is a weak point - is porous coating. It is for this reason that part is first coated with layers of copper and nickel, and then chrome plated. However, moisture, salt, sulfur dioxide, and behind them and find ways to attack and penetrate the coating through the pores. One thing is clear: decorative items must be maintained in good condition. Technology care of these details can be divided into two stages: the removal of dirt (Car Wash), immediately remove traces of corrosion and tarnishing. The coating layer (copper - nickel - chromium) is very thin (90 - 110 mm), so wipe bumpers, hoods and other decorative chrome parts with a dry cloth harmful. Coating is scratched and rapidly destroyed. After washing, wipe the parts dry and then treated "Avtoochistitelem chrome." Get involved in this line-up does not follow, as one of its components is the abrasive material that removing plaque corrosion, removes both the coating. Application for avtoochistitelya chrome once in 2-3 months should provide a good condition of these parts.

 Winter environment is complicated, and to help "Avtoochistitelyu for chrome" comes protective paint or grease. Covering lubricated parts, do not forget about their back sides, as the details have a habit of rust on all sides.

Does the engine to warm up before going?

Answer to this question is not easy. On the one hand, with cold engine operation (especially with high load) actually accelerated wear, and not only because of lack of lubrication, but also on the temporary mismatch gap between those that are required. Indeed, only after the engine warms up, it reaches the set designer temperature at which the dilated parts interact correctly.

On the other hand, because of the idling engine works with a small heat transfer and heat slowly, so that when it is fully charged, - means to extend its running time in the worst mode.

However, the slow engine warming in its details do not appear dangerous thermal stresses, and at very fast heating, they are not excluded. It is known that for any changes in temperature of engine parts, in many cases there is any damage. Warping of the cylinder head or piston seizure is often explained by this.

As for foreign cars, their manufacturers do guided environmental requirements. It is believed that damage to the environment is unacceptable. Even if the trip on a cold engine is bad for his part, has to put up with this.

When it comes to domestic cars, correctly, perhaps, follow the factory instructions. Usually recommended to embark on a journey to reach the engine temperature at which it works stably without the "choke." It is approximately 40 - 50 ° C.

On cars with fuel injection temperature at which you can go on the road, may be lower.

How to avoid excessive consumption of fuel in the car?

In the current world situation, with regular fuel is dorozhaniem all overhead use the car. We present a few basic and fairly simple rules and guidelines to help the novice driver to avoid high fuel consumption in your car.

Regularly check the technical condition of your car. Serviceable, but not adjusted properly around the vehicle to fuel a 10% increase.

Keep an eye on tire pressure. Reduction of pressure in car tires with a 2.0 to 1.5 kg/cm2 kg/cm2 inevitably increases fuel consumption by about 3%. The measurement of the pressure in the tires should be able to cool them, because even after a minor run tire pressure increases.

Regularly adjust the alignment of your car.

Try to avoid unnecessary transport of cargo. Note that each 50 kg of extra load increases fuel consumption in your car by about 2%.

Using the air conditioner increases fuel consumption in the vehicle for about 10%.

Lead to excessive fuel as open windows, especially when the vehicle speed above 50 km / h. The value of over-dependent on the geometric features of the body of a vehicle, as well as how these windows are open.

Note that each subsequent inhibition involves acceleration. This, in turn, causes an increase in fuel consumption in the vehicle. Therefore, try to avoid sudden braking. Try to reduce the rate of advance of your car at the traffic lights (if you see the red light in front), intersections, etc.

If possible, try to avoid travel on your car during rush hour.

Try to go slowly and smoothly. Do not drive dramatically.

Before driving the engine warms up to the days when the temperature gauge begins to move. After such a mild warm-up while driving the gas pedal should be pressed slightly until the engine warms up completely.

When moving correctly select the appropriate gear.

Do not move at high speeds. Use basically the speed, which is optimal in terms of fuel economy for your vehicle. Typically, for most cars the most appropriate speed is in the range of 80-100 km / h.

Shut off the engine of your car when it is stopped for more than one minute.

Avoid long-term drive to low gear (eg, in traffic jams, etc.).

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On night road

Check out on the road - always some risk. He rises at dusk and at night all the more. To the usual dangers added physiological properties of the body. By night a little more active inhibitory processes, fatigue sets in after a day of stress, decreases alertness and reaction time.

Consequently, on the night road from the driver requires maximum attention and special care. It is clear that travel must be properly otdohnuvshim.Nikakogo-will, the dream - forget it!

Virtually the only advantage of an overnight trip - few cars, the road is not loaded and little noise movement. But this should not relax. And statistics show that accidents at night almost half. Maybe an empty track pushes driver to drive faster? Clearly makes clear - in racing we do not participate!

Overnight trip requires special and careful preparation. It is absolutely necessary to test the headlights, turn signals, clean all the windows. Unwashed windshield complicate the already difficult night vision. Yes, and more diffuse light oncoming cars.

Before the trip, the main attention is paid to the lighting device car, clean windows, check the operation of the headlights. Dirty windshield - a source of increased danger, as both difficult to review and scatters light coming from the headlights of cars driving on the wrong side.

Pick up the lighting of the dashboard. Too dim perception complicate the readings, too bright will be an additional source of irritation to the eyes. Switch inside mirror placed in the position for an overnight trip.

Prepared, checked ... can go.

Night Road. Headlights on, just as soon as it started getting dark. You should see all the other road users. Driving with headlights turned off neighbors is dangerous for you and for them.

When you stop the parking lights should remain on, especially if the area is not covered at all expensive or poorly lit. You either have to pull off the road completely, or drive away the car as far as possible to the extreme strip, and be sure to include where appropriate alarm.

What is the most dangerous road in the night? Overall opinion - lack of review. Indeed, often intuitively navigate the traffic situation, because the whole vision - twenty meters headlights illuminated the road. Hence it is clear - the higher the speed, the less accurately you can assess the situation.

Very insidious threat - a threat to dazzle car. If the junction with the oncoming car driver leaves the main beam, thus he shows his incivility and disrespect for others. There is a danger instant blindness. Panacea, unfortunately, from there, you can only advise to look at this point a little to the side, emphasizing attention to the sidelines.

If you notice Failure to disconnect from far distant lights of the car in their relation to it, you can: switch to low beam for 200 meters to the siding, carefully keep your distance to the vehicle ahead and note any defects, irregularities in the road.

Remind this counter on the rules of road etiquette posignalte short bursts beam. If the risk can not be avoided, keeping close to the right side of the road and keep sufficient room for maneuver to the side of the interval to the oncoming traffic.

On the night overtaking. They are more difficult and dangerous than during the day. Overtaking when approaching the car going forward switch to low beam, then check whether to allow overtaking signs and markings, analyze the situation, we verify the safety of the maneuver, turn left turn signal.

 At the time of departure to the next lane speed increases. Continuing, we see that the overtaking vehicle is in sight. Came up to overtake, you can switch to high beam (if the counter-movement) - it will help to better understand the situation on the road. After completing the overtaking return to your lane, activate the right turn signal.

Good reception - to select the track on the night a "leader" - a car that is calm, confident, with a constant speed. And you quietly follow it does not accelerate, just keep your distance. In this case, you will have time to react after it to changing circumstances on the road and on his errors.

Pass inspection

Security can only be efficient car. This is an indisputable truth. That is why the technical condition of the car should be not only the owner, but also the state on behalf of the traffic police, obliging motorist regular inspection of the vehicle.
How often? According to the rules, introduced in 2007, the newly acquired vehicle must pass technical inspection in the first year from the date of manufacture. The machine age of seven inspected every two years and older - once a year. But if the vehicle is designed to carry more than eight passengers (excluding the driver), then it has to be inspected every six months
Should not be delayed visit to the traffic police to the last day (you never know what can prevent it, and then you do not meet the deadline.)

How to prepare for the visit?

Naturally, it is necessary to wash the car, including the wheels and, of course, the license plate number. Adjust lights, test the wipers, seat belts, sound. Door locks should clearly open and close. Backlash steering must conform to the standards stated by the manufacturer. Of course, the car should be a warning triangle, fire extinguisher, first aid kit (and everything in it to the list, and the drug should not be expired). It is very desirable to come to the tires, the respective season. Setting yourself up to the possibility of a long line, and in general to the seriousness of the event.

What documents need to be, going to the inspection?

This is your passport, driving license, medical certificate, vehicle registration document (or a power of attorney from the owner), a receipt for payment of taxes and payment inspection
First, however, you meet with the inspector, and the car afterwards. So do not forget about your own appearance. It is understood that the documents proving your identity, and driver's license to be valid, ie, not past due.
If your machine has a spetssignalami and advertising signs, you should have an even traffic police permission and agreement with the advertiser.

By the way, we should remember that in addition to the machine on checkup "inspection" and the owner. Therefore, we must take care not only about their appearance, but also have the origin`l documents proving your identity and ownership of the car.



How is tehosmotrr
Long gone are the days of examination "by eye." Cars have become more complex, naturally and control too. On point your machine tool control check on the most important for its security parameters:
• How does the service and parking brakes. Under the new rules, test and operation of the automatic control braking forces and the ABS (if available). Cross off course during braking must be within 0.7 m
• Working steering. Backlash is defined by standard steering manufacturer, in its absence, in the documentation for the car gap can not exceed 10 degrees.
• Working external lights, wipers and washer. Lamps should be blue light.
• Wheels and tires must match the vehicle structure, the height of the tread must not be lower than the norm (in other words, the rubber should not be bald).
• checks the content of harmful substances in the exhaust gases - at idle and higher revs, with defined parameters of CO and CH. If the machine has an oxygen sensor, check comes in three stages with the gas analyzer.
• Fuel and hydraulic fluids should not leak. In this case, check the tightness of all the fluid systems and connections in the crankcase ventilation system.
• All major equipment related to security - the doors, emergency exits, safety belts, towbar, etc. - Will be tested. Naturally, all of this should work.
• Marking of components and assemblies shall comply with the requirements
After a standard test vehicle parts and systems specialist tool control point data was entered in the diagnostic card. When detecting deviations in the system you have to fix them (this gives you 20 days of delay), and then to come back to the inspection station, where your car will test only the comments and no extra charge.
MOT can rob you of a lot of time and effort, so it is very important to properly and efficiently to prepare for it. In the end, you get a voucher for passing inspection ("lobovichok") and safely drive up to the next scheduled visit to the office.
If someone suddenly comes to mind a strange idea "zakosit" inspection, it must be remembered that the absence of the voucher gives the full right inspector removed from the machine room to write a resolution to ban the use of the vehicle, and then send it to the penalty parking. All this will create a lot more problems than the technical inspection.

Thai auto production rises to 4-month high in January

Thailand’s automobile production in January significantly increased to 140,404 units, marking the highest level in the past four months since the megaflood submerged a number of provinces in October, according to the Federation of Thai Industries (FTI).

Thai Automotive January output kickstarts into drive

The Thai automotive industry kicked off the year impressively with production surging in January over the previous month.

The industry was battered by floods last October and November but started recovering in December.

Total automobile production in January dropped by 3.98% year-on-year but increased by 41.2% from December to 140,404 units, the highest level since the industry was hit by the flood crisis.

Manila: Ford sales dropped 47% in January

Ford Group Philippines posted a 47-percent drop in vehicle sales to 367 units in January this year, from the 688 it sold in the same month last year, as the flood crisis in Thailand continued to take its toll on the supply and delivery of its vehicles.

THE GUARDIAN: Thailand flooding costs Lloyd's of London $2.2bn

Lloyd's of London has estimated that it is liable for $2.22bn (£1.4bn) of net claims from the flooding that devastated Thailand last year.

In a first calculation of its liability for the damage, released on Tuesday, the insurance market said the claims were unlikely to require members to make "material claims" on its central fund or reduce the overall level of capitalisation of the market.

AFG in the News...

Check out this article on the last AFG meeting.

VW in talks with Proton, looks to grow regional presence

German automotive giant Volkswagen is looking to gain a bigger foothold in ASEAN and is now in talks with local carmaker Proton for a possible manufacturing tie-up, a Bloomberg reported today quoting a source.
According to the report, Volkswagen’s renewed interest stems from the recent takeover of the national carmaker by Tan Sri Syed Mokhtar Albukhary’s DRB-HICOM last month.

Volkswagen already has an existing relationship with DRB-HICOM, having sealed an assembly deal for the Passat executive saloon here for re-export in 2010.

Chevrolet Sets New Sales Record in December 2011

Bangkok, Thailand – Chevrolet Sales Thailand outpaced the industry with a new sales record in Thailand in December 2011, achieving a year-to-date growth of 58 percent and selling more than 4,300 vehicles – the highest since Chevrolet began operations in Thailand. Meanwhile, the automaker continued to make headway across major markets in the Southeast Asian (SEA) region, with sales for the region from January to December 2011 totaling 42,297 units, representing a year-to-date (YTD) growth of 46 percent over the same period in 2010. 

Continental Automotive hikes capacity ahead of AEC

Continental Automotive (Thailand), local unit of the German maker of injectors and pumps for the auto industry, has allocated Bt600 million for investment this year.

The company is increasing capacity as part of a plan to strengthen production ahead of implementation of the Asean Economic Community (AEC) in 2015.

Managing director Thomas Chambers said that despite the severe flooding last year, the country remained an important regional manufacturing base for the company. Continental has a factory at Amata City Industrial Estate in Rayong province, as well as plants in Malaysia and the Philippines.

Signs of industry recovering

After sustaining heavy blows in 2011, the automobile industry finished the year at 794,000 units, which is about 100,000 units below the original target.

While the Japanese quake and tsunami in March temporarily halted Thai auto production due to parts disruption, it was Thailand's flood crisis that delivered the knockout punch as major auto producers had to cease production for months. Although Honda was the only manufacturer to suffer from severe flooding, other makers also had to halt production due to a shortage of parts as a large number of important suppliers located in Ayutthaya were submerged under water.

However, just three weeks into 2012, there are signs of prosperity once again as Toyota, the largest auto-maker in the country, announced its mid-term investment plan worth almost Bt10 billion that will help the company reach a production figure of 760,000 units per year. Toyota Motor Thailand (TMT) president Kyoichi Tanada said Toyota expects the auto market to sell as much as 1.1 million units in 2012.

Ford Considers Car Assembly in Indonesia

JAKARTA, Indonesia — Ford is considering establishing a new vehicle assembly facility in Indonesia, as it looks to increase its exposure to one of Asia's most promising auto markets.

Joe Hinrichs, president of Ford Asia Pacific and Africa, told reporters gathered for the Delhi Auto Expo that the company is planning to invest in an assembly plant in Indonesia in the near future.

Hinrichs said he is encouraged by the recent strong growth in Indonesian auto sales and the potential for further strong growth. "We expect Indonesia will soon overtake Thailand as the ASEAN's largest market — I cannot say when exactly," he said.

Companies asked to move activities to the Philippines after Thai floods

TWELVE COMPANIES operating in both the Philippines and Thailand have been invited to move business activities here following the impact of the latter’s worst flood in 50 years, a Trade official said yesterday.
Thailand, however, is seen to retain most of its investments even after the disaster through competitive incentive schemes and assistance to businesses affected by the disaster.

"We have short-listed 12 [firms] -- mostly from electronics and automotive parts -- with sister companies here to move their operations here in the Philippines," Trade Undersecretary Cristino L. Panlilio told BusinessWorld in a telephone interview.

"Right now, there is one company in electronics to whom we’re talking and they’re already looking for a location here for their operations," he continued.

Selling Lotus a viable option: Mahathir

Tun Dr Mahathir Mohamad, Malaysia’s former prime minister, comments on Proton Holdings Bhd after billionaire Syed Mokhtar Al-Bukhary’s DRB-Hicom Holdings Bhd agreed to buy a controlling stake from the government.

Mahathir, who helped found Proton and remains an advisor, also comments on whether DRB should sell Proton’s U.K. sports- car arm Group Lotus International Ltd. The former premier made these comments in an interview in Kuala Lumpur yesterday.

On selling Lotus:

“It is a viable option and I think the new owners of Proton might consider that. But, Lotus is not just a sports-car company. It is an engineering and technology company. It’s selling engineering skills to China and helping people going into the industry.”

Read more: Selling Lotus a viable option: Mahathir http://www.btimes.com.my/Current_News/BTIMES/articles/20120203092017/Article/index_html#ixzz1lHSvIlW9

Oriental Metal Industries Set To Become Top Wheel Maker in Malaysia

By investing in a brand-new RM103 million alloy wheel manufacturing plant in the city of Rawang, Selangor, Oriental Metal Industries (M) Sdn. Bhd. or OMI is planning to become the biggest Tier 1 integrated wheel producer in the country.

FTI Presentation ready for download

The presentation from last Fridays AFG Meeting is ready for online viewing and download. Please click here to access the presentation.

Nice turnout at AFG Meeting on Friday 27th of January

A very interesting evening with more than 40 members attending the presentation of Khun Charn Saralertsophon, Executive VP from Federation of Thai Industries (FTI).

Khun Charn covered the effect of the 'Great Flood' in 2011 emphasizing the resilience of the industry which is expected to 'bounce back' and display further growth in 2012 and the following years.

The presentation will be made available for download within the next days for AFG Members.

In an unannounced surprise presentation, Uli Kaiser introduced a preview of the upcoming THAI AUTO BOOK 2012 which will be available for the iPad. It's a comprehensive directory of Thai based OEM's Tier 1s, organizations, industrial parks, events and supporting industries providing basic information about the companies, address data, contact information, maps and is aimed at professionals both in Thailand as well as in ASEAN and overseas in Europe and the US. You can register your business for free here.

A directory of the Thai Automotive Industry

After this presentation, AFG President Jim Beeson presented AFG member and correspondent Doc Iain Corness with a 50,000 Baht grant towards his 'Retro Racing Program'. The Doc will invite AFG members to future race events and can also organize 'special outings'. From usually well informed circle we heard the he is looking for additional supporters – and can be contacted by email in this matter.

After the talk the NOVA PLATINUM had prepared a fabulous poolside networking setting which inspired many participants to stay around, discuss and exchange ideas.

Porsche 911 GT3 RS4.0 Specifhcation

ENGINE

With the new 911 GT3 RS 4.0, we have reached the highest level of sportscar construction. The water-cooled six-cylinder boxer engine with four-valve technology and enhanced VarioCam timing transmits its power to the rear axle. The high performance unit produces an impressive maximum engine speed of 8,500 rpm. It delivers 368 kW (500 hp)* from a total displacement of 3,996 cm3, corresponding to an output of 92 kW (125 hp) per litre. The maximum torque is 460 Nm at 5,750 rpm.

Acceleration from 0 to 100 km/h (62 mph) takes just 3.9 seconds and to 200 km/h (124 mph) only 11.9 seconds. This is possible thanks to a power-to-weight ratio of only 3.7 kg/kW – right up to 310 km/h (193 mph). Ultimately, we have designed the 911 GT3 RS 4.0 for outstanding racetrack performance, not for maximum speed.

A reliable supply of engine oil, even at high cornering speeds, is provided by the dry sump lubrication system with a separate engine oil tank. Oil is cooled via an oil-water heat exchanger.

* Fuel consumption in 1/100 km (mpg)1)2): Urban 20.4 (13.8), extra urban 9.9 (28.5), combined 13.8 (20.5), CO2 emissions 326 g/km.

1) Provisional figures; there are no officially tested values available at the time of going to print. Final, officially tested values can be obtained from your Porsche Centre.

2) The figures have been obtained using the Euro 5 method of measurement (715/2007/EC and 692/2008/EC) in the NEDC (New European Driving Cycle) with standard equipment. The figures do not refer to an individual vehicle, nor do they constitute part of the offer. They are intended solely as a means of comparing different types of vehicle. Further information on individual vehicles can be obtained from your Porsche Centre. Fuel consumption is determined on the basis of the standard specification. Optional equipment may influence fuel consumption and performance.

INTAKE MANIFOLD

The 911 GT3 RS 4.0 is equipped with a variable intake manifold. To ensure high levels of torque and power over a wide range of engine speeds, in addition to a conventional distributor pipe, it also has two resonance pipes with switching resonance valves. At low engine speeds, both resonance valves are closed. At medium rpm the first, smaller valve opens. If the engine speed continues to rise, this closes and the second, larger valve opens. At high rpm, both resonance valves open. In addition to this, a completely new carbon air filter ensures better flow ratios and therefore less drag.

The noticeable result is an impressive torque characteristic, high maximum torque and high power over a wide range of engine speeds.

SPORT EXHAUST SYSTEM

The lightweight sports exhaust system consists of two front silencers, two catalytic converters and one rear silencer leading into the central twin titanium tailpipe. The system’s large volume reduces exhaust back pressure to increase power.

TRANSMISSION

The main aim on the racetrack is not to waste time. Especially not between gear changes. The six-speed gearbox in the 911 GT3 RS 4.0 therefore has an extremely short gear lever throw. The gear ratios are perfectly matched to the 4.0-litre engine and the best possible driving performance.

Gear changes are fast and precise, even in the top power range. The new 911 GT3 RS 4.0 has a single mass flywheel. Its low weight improves engine dynamics and the engine can rev more freely in the upper speed ranges.

The standard locking rear differential’s lock factors of 28 % (when cornering under power) and 40 % (when cornering on the overrun) are optimally matched to the engine’s power and torque characteristics. These result in greater traction, better acceleration and improved handling. The greatest virtue on the racetrack is always to gain time.

PORSCHE STABILITY MANAGEMENT

Strict discipline is required at the limits of driving dynamics because there is one thing you should never lose: control. That is where Porsche Stability Management (PSM) helps.

In addition to the ABS there are two automatic control systems: electronic stability control (ESC) and traction control (TC). ESC controls lateral dynamics using a range of sensors to constantly monitor the direction, speed, yaw velocity and lateral acceleration. These are used to calculate the actual direction of travel. If the car starts to go off course, ESC initiates braking on individual wheels to stabilise the vehicle within the limits of its driving dynamics.

CHASIS & AXLE

Action – reaction. On the racetrack every movement counts. Delivered by a chassis that is designed for the highest demands of motorsport and which takes direct action instead of just reacting.

The new 911 GT3 RS 4.0 is 30 mm lower than the 911 Carrera. Its total weight and unsprung mass weight are also low – thanks to the consistent lightweight construction.

The front axle has McPherson-type struts with the wheels mounted individually on trailing arms and wishbones to ensure precise wheel location, total directional stability and excellent handling.

The rear axle has subframe-mounted LSA (Light, Stable, Agile) multi-link suspension. Ride height, camber, toe angle and anti-roll bar settings can be adapted individually for the racetrack. One special feature is that the transverse arm on the rear axle is divided – so that the camber can be adjusted more precisely.

Metal support bearings with ball joints mean there is practically no play in the connection between the chassis and body. Their use on the front and rear axles with additional ball joints on the rear axle in the 911 GT3 RS 4.0 ensures even less play in the bearings – for even more precise wheel location to enable better handling.

WHEELS & TYRES

The new 911 GT3 RS 4.0 comes with white 911 GT3 wheels as standard. The central locking device, derhved from motorsport, is anodised black and bears the ‘RS’ logo in GT Silver Metallic. The advantage is fewer rotating masses and faster wheel changes. When strict discipline is required, you have to respond fast.

The wheel dimensions on the front axle are 9 J x 19 with 245/35 ZR 19 tyres, and on the rear axle 12 J x 19 with 325/30 ZR 19 tyres. Road legal sports tyres1) provide the necessary grip. The standard Tyre Pressure Monitoring (TPM) displays a warning on the on-board computer if there is a slow or very sudden loss of pressure.

1) The low tread profile presents a higher risk of aquaplaning on wet roads.

DYNAMIC ENGINE MOUNT SYSTEM

Even we cannot reverse the laws of physics, not in everyday driving, and certainly not on the racetrack. However, we can use them intelligently with the dynamic engine mount system.

This electronically controlled system minimises noticeable oscillations and vibrations in the whole drive system, particularly the engine.

The engine is bolted to the body using two mounts. According to Newton’s law of inertia, a body will continue to move in a uniform straight line unless it is made to change its direction by a force acting upon it. Put more simply: when you are driving into a bend in your new 911 GT3 RS 4.0, the vehicle will follow your steering but, at first, the mass of the engine won’t. This means that the rear of the vehicle is pushed outwards after a time because of the inert forces from the engine’s mass acting on it.

The dynamic engine mount system minimises this effect. The steering angle, longitudinal and lateral acceleration values are constantly recorded by sensors and the stiffness of the two engine mounts is changed automatically according to the driving style. This is achieved using a magnetisable fluid in an electrically generated magnetic field. The stiffness and absorption of the engine mounts adapt to the conditions. For you this means greater traction and a noticeably more stable drive when there are changing loads and on fast bends.

ACTIVE SUSPENSION MANAGEMENT

This electronic damper adjustment system actively and continuously controls individual damping forces for each wheel, according to driving style and road conditions.

By pressing a button, the driver can choose between two modes, ‘Normal’ and ‘Sport’. Normal mode is designed for general driving on the road and on the racetrack in wet conditions. Sport mode is specially designed for maximum lateral acceleration and the best possible traction on the racetrack.

FRONT AXLE RIDE-HEIGHT SYSTEM

So far we have dealt with sport. Now let’s look at everyday driving. A specially developed ride-height lift system is available as an option to ensure that kerbstones, ramps and garage entrances no longer pose a problem. The car can now be lifted by 30 mm at the front if there is a risk of it grounding. A compressor generates air pressure which lifts the front shock absorbers in the PASM.

BRAKES SYSTEM

If you want to go fast, you need power. In racing, power is especially required in the brakes. The red six-piston aluminium monobloc calipers on the front axle and four-piston aluminium calipers on the rear axle have a monobloc design for greater rigidity and a consistent bite point.

The composite brake discs are large: 380 mm in diameter at the front and 350 mm at the rear. Thanks to their two-piece design with standard brake discs and aluminium calipers, the weight is reduced, and therefore the unsprung and rotating masses. They are internally vented and cross-drilled – for high braking power even in poor weather conditions. The four-channel anti-lock braking system (ABS 8.0) is designed for responsive and rapid control, as well as consistent deceleration and excellent braking performance, at the limits of performance driving.

PORSCHE CERAMIC COMPOSITE BRAKE

Strict discipline is ensured by the optional Porsche Ceramic Composite Brake system, especially in motorsport where maximum performance counts, turn after turn.

PCCB’s ceramic composite brake discs have a diameter of 380 mm at the front and 350 mm at the back – for excellent braking power. The discs are made from a specially treated carbon-fibre compound that is silicated at approximately 1,700 ˚C. The resulting brake discs are much harder than standard brake discs. All the necessary ingredients are there for short braking distances, especially in tough conditions. Safety is also increased when braking from high speeds, thanks to the excellent fade resistance of PCCB. The key advantage is that the brake discs are approximately 50 % lighter than standard discs. These factors don’t just have a positive effect on driving performance and fuel consumption but, above all, they reduce the unsprung and rotating masses and therefore improve driving performance.

Please note that circuit racing, trackday use and other forms of performance driving can significantly reduce the service life of even the most durable pads and discs. As with conventional high performance braking systems, we recommend that all brake components be professionally inspected and replaced where necessary after every track event.

STEERING SYSTEM

The GT3 SportDesign steering wheel upholstered in black Alcantara with a red cross-stitch seam can be adjusted for height and reach by up to 40 mm. It provides a secure grip, even when driving is extremely dynamic. Another feature is the red top centre marking on the steering wheel.

INTERIOR

In the top discipline, it all depends on power and staying the course. The same applies to the interior materials.

So, hardwearing Alcantara has been used wherever there is direct contact, such as the steering wheel, gear lever, handbrake lever and the door handles. Also on the armrests in the door panels, the storage compartment lid in the centre console, the rooflining and the centre of the seats.

Red Alcantara provides a sporty contrast to the black interior.

The sporting trend continues with a material that is typical of motorsport: carbon. The standard lightweight bucket seats are made from carbon-fibre and are covered in leather and Alcantara. The badges on the dashboard and the door sills that bear the ‘RS 4.0’ logo have a carbon finish.

At no extra cost, a black leather trim with either red or black Alcantara is available.

Another special touch is the exclusive limited addition plaque on the glove compartment cover showing which of the 600 you can call your own.

INTSTRUMENTS

On the racetrack, every fraction of a second counts, so it is essential to get information quickly. This is ensured by the five round instrument dials integrated in the cockpit, with the rev counter in the middle. Its titanium blue dial with the ‘RS 4.0’ logo has a gear shift indicator – for optimum acceleration. The instrument needles and dial markings are coloured yellow. The integrated on-board computer provides you with information on average fuel consumption, speed, distance left to travel and outside temperature.

http://car-automotive.blogspot.com

http://www.porsche.com/microsite/911gt3rs4/uk.aspx?ws=1

Spesifikasi Toyota Rush New

MODEL / TYPE

1.5 S A/T

1.5 S M/T

1.5 G M/T

DIMENSION

Overall Length ( mm ) 4,405

Lebar / Overall Width ( mm ) 1,745

Tinggi / Overall Height ( mm ) 1,740

Jarak Poros Roda / Wheelbase ( mm ) 2,685

Tread

Depan / Front(mm) 1,445

Belakang / Rear(mm) 1,480

Berat Kosong / Curb Weight ( kg ) 1,200 / 1,185 / 1,175

Transmission

Otomatis 4 Tingkat Kecepatan / 4 Speed Automatic

Manual 5 Tingkat Kecepatan / 5 Speed Manual

Gear Ratio

1st 2.731 / 3.769

2nd 1.526 / 2.045

3rd 1.000 / 1.376

4th 0.696 / 1.000

5th 0.838

Reverse 2.290 / 4.128

Steering System

Power Steering, Rack & Opinion / Rack & Opinion with Power Steering

Suspension

Depan / Front MacPherson Struts dengan Pegas Koil & Stabilizer / MacPherson Struts with Coil Spring & Stabilizer

Belakang / Rear 4 Link dengan Pegas Koil dan Lateral Rod / 4 Link with Coil Spring and Lateral Rod

Brake System

Depan / Front Cakram dengan ABS & EBD / Disc Brake with ABS, EBD Cakram / Disc

Belakang / Rear Tromol dengan ABS & EBD / Drum with ABS, EBD Tromol / Drum

Tyre Size

235 / 60 R 16

ENGINE

Tipe Mesin / Engine Type 1.5L, IL4, 16V, DOHC, VVT-i

Isi Silinder / Displacement ( cc ) 1,495

Daya Maksimum / Maximum Horse Power ( ps/rpm ) 109 / 6,000

Torsi Maksimum / Maximum Torque (kgm/rpm) 14.4 / 4,400

Powered with 3SZ-VE 1.5L DOHC VVT-i engine

Engine delivers 109 ps @ 6000 rpm

Peak Torque 141 Nm @ 4400 rpm

Better fuel economy

5-speed for manual and 4-speed for auto

Fuel System

Sistem Injeksi Bahan Bakar Elektronik / Electronic Fuel Injection

Fuel

Bensin Tanpa Timbal / Unleaded Gasoline

Kapasitas Tangki / Tank Capacity (ltr) 45

DIMENSIONS

4,410mm long, 1,695mm wide and 1,745mm tall including the roof rails.

Wheelbase is 2,685mm long.

Track is 1,445mm at the front and 1,460mm at the rear.

The manual variant weighs 1,210kg while the automatic is 10kg heavier.

3 rows of seats arrangement 2+3+2

Rear wheel drive ( 4 x 2 )

All three variants equipped with SRS airbags

Comes stock with 16″ ( 5 pieces ) alloy wheels

Turning radius is 5.2 meters, which is better than average for a SUV of this wheelbase.

Four colors Blue Metallic,Black Mica,Silver Mica Metallic and Champagne Mica Metallic.

3 years warranty / 100,000 km warranty ( whichever comes first )

Misc technical data  

Transmission 4-speed (A)

Drive type FWD

Measurements  

Body type SUV

Dimensions (L x W x H) (4006 x 1695 x 1706) mm

Wheelbase 2,580 mm

Min turning radius 4,900 mm

Kerb weight 1,200 kg

Fuel tank capacity 50 L

Brakes  

Brakes (Front) Ventilated disc

Brakes (Rear) Drum

Suspension  

Suspension (Front) MacPherson strut

Suspension (Rear) Multi-link

Features

Dual Air Conditioner

2 Remote Controls ,Immoboliser ,Siren with backup battery & Cabin Sensor

Single DIN head unit with MP3,CD player,Tuner,6 speakers and Pillar Antenna

Jumper Cable,First aid kit,Safety Triangle

AntiRust

Door visor

Luggage Net

Luggage Tray

Bag Hook

Central Lock

Power Window

16 ” Alloy Rims

Reverse sensor

4 pieces carpet mat

Rear Bumper Protector

Centre console Box

Aerokit package ( consist of front and rear bumper spoiler , side skirting and over fender )

http://car-automotive.blogspot.com

http://www.toyota.co.id/product/?page=product&model=Rush

Mazda 6 Specification

MAZDA6 Variant

• i Sport
• i Touring
• i Touring Plus
• i Grand Touring
• s Touring Plus
• s Grand Touring

ENGINE AND DRIVETRAIN CHOICES

- 170-hp (168 hp for PZEV)†, 2.5L engine with a choice of 6-speed manual or 5-speed Sport automatic transmission (i models)

- 272-hp, 3.7L V6 engine with 6-speed Sport automatic transmission (s models)

FUEL EFFICIENCY

- 21/30 mpg (2.5L MT)‡

- 22/31 mpg (2.5L AT)‡

- 18/27 mpg (3.7L AT)‡

AVAILABLE TECHNOLOGY PACKAGE

Grand Touring models already come with standard dual-zone automatic climate control, heated front seats, Bose® audio and Bluetooth® hands-free phone and audio capability**, but add the available Technology Package and you get the Mazda Advanced Keyless Entry & Start System, back-up camera††, and navigation system with 7-inch touch screen, rain-sensing wipers, auto-off xenon headlights and much more

SAFETY FEATURES

Standard safety features include advanced front air bags, front side-impact air bags, side-impact air curtains‡‡, and Dynamic Stability Control (DSC)*** with Traction Control. A Blind Spot Monitoring (BSM) System††† is also available

COLOR

Techno White Pearl/Sangria Red Mica/Kona Blue Mica/Ingot Silver/Ebony Black/Black Cherry Metallic/Black Cherry Metallic

Engine

For Type i

Engine type 2.5-liter DOHC 16-valve 4-cylinder with VVT  

Horsepower 170 hp @ 6000 rpm (168 hp for PZEV)†  

Torque 167 lb-ft @ 4000 rpm (166 lb-ft for PZEV)†  

Redline 6200 rpm  

Displacement (cc) 2489  

Bore x stroke (mm) 89.0 x 100.0  

Compression ratio 9.7:1  

Fuel system Electronically controlled multiport fuel injection

Recommended fuel Regular unleaded

Valvetrain Chain driven dual overhead cams, 4 valves per 

cylinder with variable intake valve timing (VVT)

Ignition system Direct coil-on-plug electronic ignition

with platinum-tipped spark plugs

Engine block Aluminum alloy

Cylinder head Aluminum alloy

Emission control type (Fed/Cal) Tier2 Bin5 / LEV II (manual) PZEV (automatic) Tier2 Bin5 / ULEV

For Type s

Engine type 3.7-liter DOHC 24-valve V6 with VVT

Horsepower 272 hp @ 6250 rpm

Torque269 lb-ft @ 4250 rpm

Redline 6500 rpm

Displacement (cc) 3726

Bore x stroke (mm) 95.5 x 86.7

Compression ratio 10.3:1

Fuel system Electronically controlled multiport fuel injection

Recommended fuel Regular unleaded

Valvetrain Chain driven dual overhead cams, 4 valves per 

cylinder with variable intake valve timing (VVT)

Ignition system Direct coil-on-plug electronic ignition

with platinum-tipped spark plugs

Engine block Aluminum alloy

Cylinder head Aluminum alloy

Emission control type (Fed/Cal) Tier2 Bin5 / LEV II (manual) PZEV (automatic) Tier2 Bin5 / ULEV

Fuel Economy

Manual transmission (city/hwy)‡ 21/30

Automatic transmission (city/hwy)‡ 22/31(type i) 18/27(type s)

Drivetrain

Type Front-wheel drive (FWD)

Manual transmission 6-speed overdrive

Automatic transmission 5-speed Sport with Adaptive Shift (type i) Logic and manual-shift mode  

6-speed Sport with Adaptive Shift (type s) Logic and manual-shift mode

Brake

Type  4-wheel disc

- Front 11.8-inch vented disc

- Rear 11.0-inch solid disc

- ABS 4-wheel, 4-channel with Electronic Brakeforce 

Distribution (EBD) and Brake Assist

Steering

Type Rack-and-pinion

Power assist Hydraulic Power Assist Steering (HPAS)

Overall steering ratio 16.2:1

Steering wheel turns, lock-to-lock 2.9

Turning circle, curb-to-curb (ft) 35.4

Suspension

Suspension 4-wheel independent

- Front MacPherson strut with stabilizer bar

- Rear Multilink with stabilizer bar

Tire

Wheel size (in) 16 x 6.5 , 17 x 7.0 , 18 x 8.0

Tire size P205/65R16 all-season radial, P215/55R17 all-season radial, P235/45R18 all-season radial

http://car-automotive.blogspot.com